You are viewing the site in preview mode
Skip to main content
Variables##
SBP
DBP
PP
aβ (95% CI)
aβ (95% CI)
aβ (95% CI)
Height Category (in cm)
Q1 (135.3–159.2)
Ref
Ref
Ref
Q2 (159.3–166.2)
-0.7 (− 1.59,0.19)
0.73* (0.14,1.31)
-1.43*** (−2.23,-0.63)
Q3 (166.3–173.6)
−0.87 (− 1.87,0.13)
1.29*** (0.58,2.01)
− 2.16*** (−3.08,-1.23)
Q4 (173.7–204.5)
− 0.51 (− 1.61,0.60)
1.92*** (1.06,2.77)
− 2.43*** (− 3.54,-1.32)
Age (in year)
20–39
Ref
Ref
Ref
40–59
5.42*** (4.73,6.12)
4.69*** (4.20,5.17)
0.74** (0.22,1.26)
≥60
14.24*** (13.23,15.24)
−0.59 (−1.37,0.18)
14.75*** (13.82,15.67)
Gender
Male
Ref
Ref
Ref
Female
−5.96*** (−6.67,-5.26)
−2.11*** (−2.71,-1.52)
−3.88*** (−4.53,-3.23)
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White
Ref
Ref
Ref
Non-Hispanic Black
4.06*** (3.17,4.96)
0.77* (0.01,1.52)
3.31*** (2.24,4.37)
Mexican-American
−0.46 (− 1.35,0.43)
− 0.61 (− 1.49,0.28)
0.16 (− 0.69,1.01)
Other races/ethnicities
−0.73* (− 1.44,-0.01)
−0.1 (− 0.85,0.66)
−0.63(− 1.48,0.22)
Family income
Low
Ref
Ref
Ref
Middle
0.19 (−0.51,0.89)
−0.04 (− 0.59,0.51)
0.23 (− 0.44,0.90)
High
0.16 (− 0.58,0.90)
0.09 (− 0.57,0.74)
0.09 (− 0.60,0.79)
Education level
Below High School
Ref
Ref
Ref
High School
−0.4 (−1.12,0.32)
0.76** (0.22,1.30)
−1.13*** (− 1.72,-0.55)
College Graduate or Above
−2.67*** (−3.66,-1.67)
0.41 (− 0.32,1.15)
−3.06*** (− 3.88,-2.24)
Cholesterol level (in mg/dl)
No high cholesterol (< 200)
Ref
Ref
Ref
Borderline elevated (200–239)
2.20*** (1.50,2.91)
2.47*** (1.98,2.96)
−0.26 (− 0.96,0.45)
High cholesterol (≥240)
1.77*** (0.95,2.59)
1.83*** (1.35,2.32)
−0.09(− 0.79,0.60)
High-density lipoprotein (in mg/dl)
Normal
Ref
Ref
Ref
Low
1.19*** (0.58,1.80)
1.01*** (0.59,1.44)
0.18 (−0.35,0.71)
Chronic kidney disease
No
Ref
Ref
Ref
Yes
5.94*** (4.63,7.24)
1.68*** (0.89,2.47)
4.24*** (3.28,5.20)
Diabetes mellitus status
No
Ref
Ref
Ref
Yes
1.09* (0.00,2.18)
−0.98* (−1.78,-0.18)
2.07*** (1.06,3.07)
Smoker
No
Ref
Ref
Ref
Yes
0.35 (−0.27,0.96)
−0.89** (−1.46,-0.31)
1.24*** (0.69,1.80)
Leisure time physical activity (in minutes)
No
Ref
Ref
Ref
Some (< 150 min)
− 0.16 (− 0.91,0.58)
0.05 (− 0.60,0.71)
−0.21 (− 0.91,0.49)
≥150 min
−0.90** (− 1.45,-0.35)
−0.52* (− 1.04,-0.01)
−0.38 (− 0.94,0.19)
Survey Period
2007–10
Ref
Ref
Ref
2011–14
0.46 (−0.39,1.32)
0.48 (−0.52,1.48)
0.01 (−1.02,1.05)
2015–18
1.96*** (1.13,2.79)
1.24* (0.13,2.35)
0.74 (−0.29,1.77)
aβ Adjusted Beta Co-efficient, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, PP Pulse Pressure, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure#Individuals who were not taking any antihypertensive drugs were included in the analyses
##Adjusted for all variables in the column, variables significant in bivariate analyses were included in multivariable mode
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
